Treatment of Municipal Wastewater - How Organic Treatment Methods Improve Recycling

Advanced 'Immobilized Cell Reactor' technology fortowards translational motion, which is considered to
the treatment of municipal wastewater.be the major component in the orientation of
The concepts reinforced in this technology are:molecule, is lowered to maximum extent. The partially
1. immobilization of organisms in the carrier matrix tooxidized organic molecule is aerobically oxidized with
protect the cells from shock load applications.low heat of combustion by aerobic organisms
2. increase of accessibility of enzymes to theimmobilized at the mouth of the pores for organic
substrate by reducing the mean free path of the biowastewater treatment. Thus, the energy available
catalyst to the substrate.for cellular synthesis is decreased and consequently
3. reduction of the cellular synthesis by using thethe biomass production is decreased. Since the
organisms with low-yield coefficient.organisms are in immobilized state, the expenditure of
In Advanced 'Immobilized Cell Reactor' technology,energy towards diffusion of organic molecules and
the carrier matrix used is activated carbon of lowoxygen from the bulk liquid to cellular matrix is very
surface area.minimum compared to that in suspended growth
The immobilized bacteria in anoxic zone can fragmenttechnology for wastewater treatment.
the organics into simpler compounds and the bacteriaHence, the conservation of energy in the immobilized
in oxic zone perform oxidation of organics. In additionstate, enhances the rate of degradation of organics
to bacterial oxidation, catalytic oxidation is alsoin the treatment of municipal wastewater is much
facilitated at the active sites of the carbon matrix.greater than in suspended growth system. The
The heat of combustion of organics released at theelimination of micropores in the carrier matrix avoids
active sites will be used for excitation of organicthe loss of active sites by irreversible bonding with
molecules to cross over the activation energy barrier,organic molecules in aqueous environment. Therefore,
which normally determines the rate of any chemicalthe number of active sites available for oxidation of
reaction in the immobilized cell reactor.organic compounds remains a constant. Thus, the
The freedom of movement of molecules is alsorate of removal of dissolved pollutants in wastewater
restricted at the surface of adsorbent as they areis nearly constant.
anchored at the sites. Thus energy expenditure