| When you design your effluent treatment plant you | | | | plant. These are the color of the effluent, the solids |
| must make sure you take into account some | | | | in it, its temperature and odor. The presence of |
| important factors relating to the characteristics of | | | | suspended solids indicate poor quality of effluent that |
| the effluent. In this article, I am going to tell you | | | | will be difficult to treat. |
| what these factors are. | | | | The solid particles can consist of grease, floating |
| The effluent characteristics that you must consider | | | | debris or oil slicks thereby indicating the absence of |
| while designing your treatment plant are the flow of | | | | any form of pre-treatment of the effluent. |
| the effluent, along with biological, chemical and | | | | These suspended solids also increase the turbidity of |
| physical properties that can affect the quality of | | | | the effluent from industry. They also add to the |
| effluent. | | | | quantity of silt that gets deposited in the treatment |
| You can decide on how large your effluent treatment | | | | plant. You have to remove them either through |
| plant should be depending on the estimated inflow | | | | filtration or via settling in sedimentation tanks. |
| into the plant which is typically estimated in cubic | | | | Another important factor you need to take into |
| meters per day almost the world over. It is | | | | account in the design of your effluent plant is the |
| necessary for you to get the right estimates of | | | | temperature of the effluent. An unfavorable |
| variations in the inflow in order to get the hydraulic | | | | temperature can impair the necessary biological and |
| computations right. This is also necessary to help | | | | chemical processes. |
| determine correctly the size of conveying pipes and | | | | It can also affect the solubility of important gases like |
| channels. | | | | oxygen. A higher temperature of the effluent |
| You must also incorporate in your design the | | | | supports various reactions and also promotes the |
| estimated increase in the inflow of effluent in the | | | | solubility of oxygen in the effluent. |
| foreseeable future. Or, at least, the Plant should be | | | | But if the effluent temperature hovers around 35 |
| built scalably. | | | | degrees C, the microbiological activity can either slow |
| There could be seasonal variations in the size of | | | | down or become inactive. Sometimes, building the |
| inflow. For instance, there could be larger inflows | | | | Plant below the ground, or incorporating anaerobic |
| during the day than in the night. Again, the inflow is | | | | digestion could help maintain a higher temperature. |
| likely to be greater during the rainy season. You | | | | Presence of significant proportion of inorganic |
| would need to stabilize such inflow and make it | | | | chemicals, heavy metals, toxins, etc. will require |
| constant or near constant so as to protect the | | | | special treatment processes. |
| functioning of treatment processes downstream. | | | | The scarcity of water is another important factor to |
| You can achieve this through the use of equalization | | | | be considered; if it is scarce or there's a danger of |
| tanks or ponds. Equalization ponds offer another | | | | water becoming scarce in future, or if underground |
| additional benefit. The toxic substances in the | | | | water or soil runs the risk of being polluted, better |
| effluent can affect the processes that treat the | | | | treatment techniques should be considered. |
| effluent. This effect can be reduced by diluting the | | | | Two other factors you must consider are the odor |
| toxic effluent by mixing it in equalization ponds with | | | | and color of the effluent; these may indicate the |
| effluent that has lesser toxic composition. | | | | absence of any kind of pretreatment of the effluent |
| The Plant should be able to stand shock loads during | | | | prior to discharge into the sewerage network. |
| festival seasons, like Christmas-New Year, Ramzan | | | | If the effluent wastewater is of low quality, it will |
| etc., and other vacations. | | | | require a greater degree of treatment and increase |
| You also need to take into account some physical | | | | complexities in design. |
| characteristics of the effluent, while designing your | | | | |